-What Is Architecture?
- Architecture means to provide the best solution, whether to use the solutions of the past, or to create a new solution for any goal. Architecture is the art and knowledge of designing buildings and other physical structures. The more comprehensive definition, regard architecture, as including the design of all artificial environments from urban design and landscape design to the design of small details of constructions and even the design of furniture. Architectural design is essentially the creative use of mass, space, texture, light, shadows, materials, plan and planning elements such as cost, construction and technology in order to achieve aesthetic, functional and often artistic goals. This definition distinguishes architecture from engineering design, which is the creative use of materials and forms by using mathematics and scientific rules.

Architectural works are recognized as the cultural, political and social symbols of a country. Historical civilizations are known first through these architectural works. Constructions such as Persepolis, the Egyptian Pyramids, and the Roman Coliseum are among such works. Works that link important social self-consciousness. Cities, religions, and cultures recognize themselves through these memories.

Understanding the needs of a building with respect to their various functions and responding to those needs and designing in harmony with the surrounding environment as the choices and optimal use of materials are considered to be among the most important achievements of good architecture.

Providing Architectural Design Services
1. Management of construction and design planning
2. Designing management and providing the best performance and method of construction and implementation in the use of materials and technology according to customers’ needs and the specifications of the project’s site.
3. Design and construction of a variety of public and private projects:
- Residential Villas, Residential Complexes and...
- Different types of commercial buildings in different scales
- Different types of office buildings
- Landscaping of all spaces
- Different types of restoring the buildings
- Different types of service providing spaces (amusement park, hotel, hospital, etc.)
4. Planning and designing a variety of interior spaces
5. Designing furniture (residential, office, urban ...)

What Is Urbanization?
It is the study of planning and development of cities, taking into account the social and economic needs, with a view to minimizing urban problems and meeting the general needs of urban populations. What is typically done in urbanization is the design, reinforcement, and adjustment of space in order to create a balanced development. Urbanization knowledge examines all the social, economic, political and physical changes of a city and strives to manage and organize the relationships in a city in the form of a coordinated system.

Studying the social, economic, political, and cultural relationships ruling the city is an organized and agreeable plan for a city, a plan that illustrates the city’s view in the future, and can be active in transforming the city’s image into an eye-catching body, a good and relaxing landscape and anticipate all the necessary measures to provide the city’s public services.

The urban engineer plans and designs a city and therefore has to have a broad vision. He must consider the various requirements and conditions of the place, including the climate, culture, etc., and, with the help of their own creativity and innovation, consider them in the best way in their own plans and designs.

Urban planning, while being specialized is also closely related to urban, rural, regional, human and... . Urban planning engineer usually is in contact with a variety of specialists, including architects and civil engineers, sociologists, anthropologists, environmentalists and geography experts in his/her work.

Urban activities cover a variety of areas such as
Urban planning, which focuses mainly on land use; meaning that it examines how we allocate urban space and areas to various activities, including industrial, commercial, and residential.

Transportation Planning
• Economic and Social Planning; because in the city the physique of the city is not the only subject under examination, but the important issue is the urban community and people living in this environment. In other words, planning must be done for different classes who have social, economic or cultural facilities or for different ethnic groups living in different parts of a city.

• Planning infrastructure networks such as water, electricity and telephone.
Environmental planning that studies environmental hazards, such as floods and earthquakes, and plans to deal with these disasters and examines the negative impacts that humans have on the environment.

Urban design that focuses on the city’s three-dimensional design and it focus is mainly on human relationships with its physical environment. In fact, in the urban planning, man with all the physical, spiritual and spiritual characteristics is dealt with and its aims are to improve the quality of the city.

Providing Urban Planning Services
Urban plans are divided into several main groups:
1. Comprehensive urban plan
2.Detailed plan
3. CDS Urban Strategic Development Plan
4. Improvement and renovation of worn out textures
5. Preparing plan for new developments in cities
6. Detailed topic plan
7. Detailed local plan
8. Urban conductor plan
9. New towns plan
10. Residential towns’ plans
11. Other towns (industrial, recreational ...) plan
12. Modeling of building information and urban plans
Definition of the comprehensive urban plan (the first and most important design required for urbanization)

The city’s comprehensive plan is a long-term plan in which the use of land and zoning in the areas of residential, industrial, commercial, administrative, agriculture, equipment, facilities and urban amenities, and general urban requirements, general communication lines and the location of the centers of the line ends (terminals) and airports and ports and the level necessary for the establishment of facilities, equipment and facilities for the areas of renovation, improvement and related priorities is determined, and the rules and regulations relating to all of the above cases, as well as the rules relating to preserving the monument and historical facades and landscapes are prepared and adjusted.

The comprehensive city plan is revisable in case of necessity. According to the definitions of the above features, according to the definitions mentioned above, the main features of a comprehensive urban plan can be enumerated as follows:

A) The Comprehensive Plan is a physical space plan that utilizes the social, economic and political changes of the urban community to improve the spatial organization of the city and the social well-being of the people.
(B) The Comprehensive Plan is middle regarding its time and the scale; it is general, defining the overall urban development policies for ten or 15 years.
C) In the Comprehensive Plan, not only the plan itself but its area is also considered.
D) Comprehensive Plan is an instrument for facilitating decision making and policy making and its leading role is of valuable aspects of the plan.